Grammar gerunds and infinitives learning how to use gerunds and infinitives is one of the most challenging aspects of learning english. Exercise 2 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs. Gerund it is a verb form which ends in ing and works as a noun in the following cases. Passive infinitives and gerunds we use passive infinitives or passive gerunds to describe actions which are done to the subject. My grandmother stopped smoking when she felt some pain in her heart.
Learn gerunds and infinitives with free interactive flashcards. Comparing gerunds, participles, and infinitives purdue. This lesson focuses on the form and function of gerunds and infinitives. Gerund the present participle ing form of the verb, e. Both gerunds and infinitives can be subjects in sentences, and both gerunds and infinitives can serve as the object of a verb. Click here for the gerunds infinitives worksheet pdf file. Bbc learning english quiznet infinitives and gerunds. She was cleaning the house and she stopped to get some rest.
Gerunds and infinitives exercise 2 perfect english grammar. Depending upon the verb and accompanying meaning, the object may be an infinitive or a gerund. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets b1 gi001 english practice. He was rather a lazy student, and he tended to avoid work whenever he could.
Whenienteredtheroom,ifoundmywifetocrying overthebrokenvasethathad. Gerunds and infinitives exercises put the bracketed verb into the appropriate gerund or infinitive form and identify which type. Through a variety of writing and speaking exercises, students learn when to choose a gerund or infinitive and when either choice is possible. Instead, verbals function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.
How to teach gerunds and infinitives to esl students. Verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives infinitives and gerunds1 often occur after verbs. January 17, 2015 fill in the blanks with gerunds or participles. The three verbals gerunds, infinitives, and participles are formed from verbs, but are never used alone as action words in sentences. Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example. Gerunds plus their complements andor modifiers are called gerund phrases. Following a verb gerund or infinitive both gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun as the object of a verb. Gerund and infinitive after verbs different meaning. English learners have difficulty with gerunds and infinitives. Complete exercises 11 20 to see if you understand what youve learned in parts 1 and 2. Verbals include infinitives, gerunds also known as ing forms, and participles also known as ing forms and en forms. Use the gerund when like is used in the sense of enjoy. For more advanced levels of esl, this should be a simple, brief exercise that can be written on the board with the entire class participating.
Infinitive or gerund exercises in english intermediate. Explanationit is often difficult to determine how verbs arelinked to other verbs. Verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives complete these sixteen sentences to score your knowledge of gerunds and infinitives. The explanation will be followed by two practice activities with these grammar forms. Its made up of the gerund running and the direct object marathons. This handout provides a detailed overview including descriptions and examples of gerunds, participles, and infinitives. Some verbs have different meanings when they are follwed by a gerund or an infinitive. Passive to be seen such disgusting scenes are not to be seen here. Gerunds vs infinitives 6 advanced gerunds vs infinitives exercise 7. To view and print this lesson, youll need to purchase a subscription. In the english language, there are three basic types of verbals. In the middle of the semester, his history professor gave out an assignment, due in two weeks. Exercise 4 in pdf here choose a gerund or infinitive when it changes the meaning. These verbs can be followed by either the gerund or the infinitive with a change in meaning.
Gerunds and infinitives yuri was in his first year at university, studying history. Apr 17, 2015 english learners have difficulty with gerunds and infinitives. Gerund and infintive b1 pdf worksheets english practice. A gerund is used as a noun, but is formed by adding an actionword with ing. Exercise 3 in pdf here choose the gerund or infinitive for a list of twenty verbs.
Basic rules for gerunds and infinitives tru newsroom. Go to the main gerunds and infinitives explanation page here. Feelsee hear watch someone do doing i heard him tell you about the letter. Divide students into three groups, ideally of three or four students. To reinforce the differences between the gerunds, infinitives and progressive verb tenses, teachers need to provide an opportunity for students to identify each in sentences. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. The infinitive is the form of the verb not changed for person, number or tense. Following are some lists of the most common combinations. A gerund is the ing form of a verb that functions the same as a noun. Gerunds basiswissen landesbildungsserver badenwurttemberg. Gerunds can also take complements direct objects, predicate nouns and modifiers adjectives, adverbs. Gerunds, participles, and infinitives in this handout, the three types of verbals are discussed.
Fill in the correct form of the verbs infinitive withwithout to. Aug 26, 2019 verbs that are followed by other verbs can take either the gerund or the infinitive. Put the verb into either the gerund ing or the infinitive with to. The ed form of a regular verb is its past participle. Part 2 of the gerunds and infinitives tutorial discusses how to control gerunds and infinitives and start using them more like native english speakers. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives to describe an action in many english sentences, a main verb is used to describe an action. Each of these verbals is often part of a phrase, which includes related modifiers, objects, and complements. Gerunds a gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. Gerunds are formed by adding ing to the end of a verb. In this printable worksheet, the rules for using gerunds and infinitives will be explained in detail. Gerunds, infinitives and participles tutorialspoint. Section 43a discusses gerunds and infinitives used as subjects.
Review charts and rules for gerunds and infinitives as needed. Click here to download this exercise in pdf with answers. An infinitive is the basic or root form of a verb, typically preceded with to. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do. Gerunds, participles, and infinitives a verbal is a verb that functions as some other part of speech in a sentence. The redcard holders write down verbs followed by gerunds. Gerunds and infinitives are a part of english grammar that many english learners find challenging. Part 1 of the gerunds and infinitives tutorial explains what gerunds and infinitives are and how to begin using them in everyday english. Gerunds and infinitives exercises perfect english grammar. Gerunds and infinitives exercise 1 perfect english grammar. The following guidelines and lists will help you figure out whether a gerund or infinitive is needed. Free interactive exercises to learn english online. Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence i expect to have the results of the operation soon.
Throughout this document, occasional example sentences with wording that might be considered nonstandard, ambiguous, or at least peculiar in formal writing are marked with an asterisk. In english, if you want to follow a verb with another action, you must use a gerund or infinitive. For this reason, here you have a deep explanation of all their uses. Nov 10, 2016 gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun in a sentence. They can be used as a subject or an object of a sentence. My english is pretty good, but sometimes i have trouble to understanding lectures at school. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate.
Use the objective case for pronouns that are subjects or objects of infinitives. It is made by adding to to the beginning of a verb. For more advanced levels of esl, this should be a simple, brief exercise that can be written on the. There was a smoking cigarette end in the ashtray 3. You can tell that to dance is an infinitive because to precedes the word dance. How to teach gerunds and infinitives to esl students without.
Simple gerund vs perfect gerund there is usually no difference between using the simple gerund or the perfect gerund, because the context usually makes it clear when the action. An infinitive is the base form a a verb, with or without to. Jul 17, 2019 verbals include infinitives, gerunds also known as ing forms, and participles also known as ing forms and en forms. After submitting your answers, you will see how well you have done in the test. Infinitives use to before the verb so the examples above would be to eat, to play, and to listen. Using gerunds and infinitives a gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting. We had such a great time on that holiday that i forgot my broken heart. A word group based on a verbal is called a verbal phrase. Page 2 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do cloze exercise. Decide whether to use the infinitive with or without to. Section 43c discusses verbs that are followed by infinitives, not gerunds. Complete the following exercise with gerund or infinitive forms of the indicated verbs.
Infinitive examples active to see i hope to see you again. Irregular verbs form their past participles in various ways for example, bend, bent. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun. Complete exercises 1 10 below to practice what you have learned in part 1 before mov. Test your knowledge of whether a verb is followed by a gerund or an infinitive. Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or. Inside our huge company, i liked working gerunds the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. Implied in this sentence is the verbal phrase, that has been preceding the verbal, broken. Using gerunds and infinitives gerunds and infinitives are verb forms that can take the place of a noun in a sentence. Gerunds and infinitives learning how to use gerunds and infinitives is one of the most challenging aspects of learning english.
A gerund cannot be used in a sentence that doesnt have a main verb and the gerunds never use punctuations. Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence. In this sentence, the words singing and laughing function as nouns, making them gerunds. In this post, i will help you understand when to use a gerund or infinitive to describe the purpose of someone or something in english, both gerunds and infinitives can be used to talk about the reason why we use or do something lets begin with an example. Choose the correct answer for each gap below, then click the check button to check your answers. Choose from 500 different sets of gerunds and infinitives flashcards on quizlet. Gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun in a sentence gerund the present participle ing form of the verb, e. A gerund is a verb ending in ing that functions as a noun. In spirit but not in form this works a bit like portuguese personal infinitives, which are inflected for person but not tense, and which can serve as the object of a preposition. This blog post is available as a convenient and portable pdf that you can take anywhere. In the first, the use of a gerund functioning as a noun allows the meaning to be expressed. Have students identify gerunds, infinitives and progressive tense.
Lets start with explaining what infinitives and gerunds are. When the infinitive or the infinitive phrase is used as a noun after verbs like hear, let, help, make, see and. Now that you know how these two elements can work in similar ways, its time to note an important difference in the gerundinfinitive equation. Simple, continuous and perfect infinitives and gerunds we use the perfect infinitive or the perfect gerund to emphasize that the action is complete or in the past.
Gerunds and participles are also compared and contrasted in a separate section of this handout because they can both end in ing but have different functions in a sentence. Section 43b discusses verbs that are followed by gerunds, not infinitives. Section 43d discusses meaning changes that depend on whether certain verbs are followed by a gerund or by an infinitive. English practice downloadable pdf grammar and vocabulary worksheets. Complete the following sentences using a gerund or infinitive.
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